New York Attorneys JHA handles range the gamut of complex financial and commercial litigation and arbitration, including securities, RICO, corporate and contract disputes, credit default swaps, derivatives, and class, mass, and derivative actions. The firm also represents law firms in major disputes.

Commercial Litigation and Arbitration

New York Attorneys JHA handles range the gamut of complex financial and commercial litigation and arbitration, including securities, RICO, corporate and contract disputes, credit default swaps, derivatives, and class, mass, and derivative actions. The firm also represents law firms in major disputes.
Commercial Litigation and Arbitration

Complex Lit Blog

RICO and Constitutional Standing — Concrete Injury Required for Constitutional Standing (And, Thus, for Standing in RICO Case, Notwithstanding a Disagreement Among the Circuits as to Whether Concrete Injury Is Required for RICO Standing) — At the Pleading Stage, General Factual Allegations of Injury May Suffice, But They Must Be Plausible and May Not Be Conclusory

Cooper v. US Dominion, Inc., 2023 WL 8613526 (10th Cir. Dec. 13, 2023) (unpublished): ORDER AND JUDGMENT* Plaintiffs Jennifer Cooper, Eugene Dixon, Francis Cizmar, Anna Pennala, Kathleen Daavettila, Cynthia Brunell, Karyn Chopjian, and Abbie Helminen filed this action against US Dominion, Inc., Dominion Voting Systems, Inc., Dominion Voting Sys ...
Cooper v. US Dominion, Inc., 2023 WL 8613526 (10th Cir. Dec. 13, 2023) (unpublished): ORDER AND JUDGMENT* Plaintiffs Jennifer Cooper, Eugene Dixon, Francis Cizmar, Anna Pennala, Kathleen Daavettila, Cynthia Brunell, Karyn Chopjian, and Abbie Helminen filed this action against US…
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(1) RICO and Securities Fraud: Conviction Exception — Caselaw Not Uniform as to Whether Plaintiff’s Damages Must Result from Securities Fraud Directed at Plaintiff — Appeals: 4 Factors Court of Appeals Considers in Deciding Whether to Entertain Arguments Newly Raised on Appeal

Buck v. Compton, 2023 WL 8812472 (6th Cir. Dec. 20, 2023) (unpublished): OPINION *1 Thomas Buck, a former financial advisor, defrauded several of his clients, including Janice Compton. Following Buck’s criminal conviction for fraud, Compton sued Buck, and the parties submitted their dispute to binding arbitration through the Financial Industry Regulator ...
Buck v. Compton, 2023 WL 8812472 (6th Cir. Dec. 20, 2023) (unpublished): OPINION *1 Thomas Buck, a former financial advisor, defrauded several of his clients, including Janice Compton. Following Buck’s criminal conviction for fraud, Compton sued Buck, and the parties…
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RICO Statute of Limitations — Accrual: Actual or Inquiry Notice — Equitable Tolling — Courts Have Inherent Flexibility to Choose Grounds for Disposing of a Case without Reaching the Merits

Garrasi v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 2024 WL 191802 (2d Cir. Jan. 18, 2024) (unpublished): *1 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. Appellant Robert Garrasi appeals from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Northern District ...
Garrasi v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 2024 WL 191802 (2d Cir. Jan. 18, 2024) (unpublished): *1 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. Appellant Robert Garrasi appeals…
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RICO: (1) Concrete Financial Loss Requirement — (2) 9(b) Requirements for Mail/Wire Fraud — (3) An Instruction ≠ A Representation and Cannot Constitute Mail/Wire Fraud — (4) Allegations of Frivolous, Fraudulent or Baseless Litigation Activities, Without More, ≠ A RICO Predicate Act

UMB Bank, NA v. Guerin, 89 F.4th 1047 (8th Cir. 2024): Famous American Regionalist artist Thomas Hart Benton and his wife passed away in 1975, leaving behind a family trust (the “Trust”) that included hundreds of works of art by Thomas Hart Benton, real estate, and various personal effects. The primary Trust beneficiary is their daughter Jessie Benton (to av ...
UMB Bank, NA v. Guerin, 89 F.4th 1047 (8th Cir. 2024): Famous American Regionalist artist Thomas Hart Benton and his wife passed away in 1975, leaving behind a family trust (the “Trust”) that included hundreds of works of…
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RICO Pleading — 9(b) Requirements for Alleging Mail/Wire Fraud

Wayne Johnson for Cong., Inc. v. Hunt, 2024 U.S. App. LEXIS 2850, 2024 WL 471938 (11th Cir. Feb. 7, 2024) (unpublished): *** When a complaint “is based on an alleged pattern of racketeering consisting entirely of ...
Wayne Johnson for Cong., Inc. v. Hunt, 2024 U.S. App. LEXIS 2850, 2024 WL 471938 (11th Cir. Feb. 7, 2024) (unpublished): *** When a complaint “is based on an alleged pattern of racketeering consisting entirely of the predicate acts …
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While Law-of-the-Case Doctrine Does Not Bind Court of Appeals with the Same Rigidity as the District Court, It Should Be Departed From Only Sparingly — Factors

United States v. Aquart, 92 F.4th 77 (2d Cir. 2024): *** While the law-of-the-case doctrine does not bind this court with the same “rigidity” that the mandate rule binds the district court,
United States v. Aquart, 92 F.4th 77 (2d Cir. 2024): *** While the law-of-the-case doctrine does not bind this court with the same “rigidity” that the mandate rule binds the district court, United States v. Tenzer, 213 F.3d 34, 40 …
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Rooker-Feldman Not Avoidable By Pursuing A Concurrent Collateral Attack on the State Court Judgment at the Same Time It Is Attacked in Federal Court — Extrinsic Fraud Exception to Rooker-Feldman Requires That Party Have Been Precluded from Presenting His or Her Case in State Court

Boudette v. Oskerson, 2024 WL 1342613 (9th Cir. Mar. 29, 2024) (unpublished): MEMORANDUM* Plaintiff Daniel Boudette appeals from the district court’s order dismissing this case for lack of jurisdiction under
Boudette v. Oskerson, 2024 WL 1342613 (9th Cir. Mar. 29, 2024) (unpublished): MEMORANDUM* Plaintiff Daniel Boudette appeals from the district court’s order dismissing this case for lack of jurisdiction under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1) and, alternatively, for…
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A Party Forfeits Invocation of Subject Matter Jurisdiction by Failing Timely to Invoke It — While Court Must Ensure It Does Not Lack Subject Matter Jurisdiction, It Has No Duty to Find and Exercise Jurisdiction on a Basis Not Raised by the Parties, Although The Court May Choose to Do So

Behrens v. JPMorgan Chase Bank, 96 F.4th 202 (2d Cir. 2024): Five former customers (“Plaintiffs”) of Peregrine Financial Group, Inc. (“Peregrine”), the defunct futures commission merchant, appeal the dismissal of their putative class action by the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Broderick, J.).
Behrens v. JPMorgan Chase Bank, 96 F.4th 202 (2d Cir. 2024): Five former customers (“Plaintiffs”) of Peregrine Financial Group, Inc. (“Peregrine”), the defunct futures commission merchant, appeal the dismissal of their putative class action by the United States District Court…
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RICO — Pattern — (1) Relatedness Established Where Three HJ factors satisfied— “H.J. Inc.’s List of Relatedness Factors Is Disjunctive, Non-Exhaustive, And Requires Only Sameness Or Similarity Of Any Factor”— “Even Separately-Performed, Functionally Diverse, And Directly Unrelated Predicate Acts Will Form A Pattern under RICO If They Have Been Undertaken in Furtherance of a Qualifying Enterprise” (Good Quotes)

Russo v. Lamancusa, 2024 WL 1433637 (3d Cir. April 3, 2024) (unpublished): *1 Anna Russo and Torry Argiro appeal the dismissal of their civil Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (“RICO”) claim against Joshua Lamancusa, the Lawrence County District Attorney, and Richard Ryhal, an officer in the ...
Russo v. Lamancusa, 2024 WL 1433637 (3d Cir. April 3, 2024) (unpublished): *1 Anna Russo and Torry Argiro appeal the dismissal of their civil Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (“RICO”) claim against Joshua Lamancusa, the Lawrence County…
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Recent Posts

RICO — Pleading Conspiracy — Plaintiffs Must Plausibly Allege That the Defendants Knowingly Joined the RICO Conspiracy — Sparse Allegations of Knowledge of Fraud Due to Participation in a Commercial Transaction Insufficient to State RICO Conspiracy Claim Where Allegations Not Inconsistent with Ordinary Commercial Behavior — While Knowledge May Be Pled “Generally” under Rule 9(b), It Cannot Be Alleged Conclusorily and Must Satisfy the Twiqbal Plausibility Standard

Depositions: Improper to Object to Form to Straightforward Questions (Not Compound, Vague, Leading or Speculative) — Lack of Foundation Objection Improper in 30(b)(6) Deposition — Improper to “Educate” Witness During Breaks of 30(b)(6) Deposition Through Witness Calls to Knowledgeable Corporate Colleagues — Magistrate Judge May Impose Financial Sanctions

Spoliation/Sanctions: “A Party Does Not Spoliate Evidence When, Without Notice Of The Evidence’s Potential Relevance, It Destroys The Evidence According To Its Policy Or In The Normal Course Of Its Business” (Good Quote)

RICO: Fraud on Government Entities Causing Plaintiffs to Pay More for Inmate Calls Actionable on Bridge v. Phoenix Bond Analysis — Fact That Governments Had Separate Injuries As Part of the Scheme (from Reduced Commissions) Irrelevant — Plaintiffs’ Injuries Not Derivative of Governments’ — The Fraud on the Governments Was Not Too Distinct From Plaintiffs’ Injuries But Rather Necessary to Injure Plaintiffs — No Risk of Duplicative Recoveries and No Plaintiff Better Situated to Sue for Plaintiffs’ Injuries

Inherent Power Sanctions — Dismissal for Threatening Defendant and Magistrate Judge — No First Amendment Right to Threaten Violence

RICO: Domestic Injury — Delivery of Fraudulently Non-Conforming Goods FOB Los Angeles for Shipment to China Means Injury Arose Domestically When Purchaser Took Title —Other Relevant Factors Include That The Non-Conforming Goods Were Sourced and Made in the U.S. and The Racketeering Activity (Mail/Wire Fraud) Occurred in, and Was Directed from, the United States — Irrelevant to Domestic Injury Inquiry Whether Property Is Tangible or Intangible — 7th Circuit’s “Injury-Felt” Test of Domestic Injury Rejected by Supreme Court — RICO Standing Requires Concrete Financial Loss, Not Merely Injury to Valuable Intangible Property Interest (9th Circuit)

RICO Causation: Parents of Children with Disabilities Deprived In-Person Education and Services during the Pandemic Were Not Causally Injured by Teachers’ False Assurances to Federal Authorities That IDEA-Complaint Policies Were in Place, Which Caused Funds to Issue But Not to the Benefit of the Disabled Children — Damages Too Indirect — Proper Plaintiff Is U.S. Government — Private Injunctive Relief Under RICO Uncertain in Third Circuit

Sanctions: Rule 37(b)(2) Dismissal — Sixth Circuit Factors

Inherent Power Sanctions — Extrajudicial Misconduct: Sanctions Power Extends to Conduct Intended to Sabotage Court’s Ability to Adjudicate the Case Before It, Here, By Commencing State Court Actions Seeking to Enjoin the Federal Plaintiffs from Proceeding with Their Federal Litigation — Sanctions Fee Awards: The Factors Used For Calculating A Fee Award To A Prevailing Party Do Not Govern — Under Goodyear, the Relevant Inquiry Is Whether There Is A Sufficient Causal Link Between The Sanctioned Misconduct And The Fees Awarded

RICO: Members of Association-in-Fact Enterprise Must Act with a Common Purpose—Mere Allegation That Various Defendants Agreed at Different Times to Engage in Various Fraudulent Schemes Does Not Plausibly Support the Essential Inference, That They Acted with s Sufficiently Common Purpose

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New York Attorneys JHA handles range the gamut of complex financial and commercial litigation and arbitration, including securities, RICO, corporate and contract disputes, credit default swaps, derivatives, and class, mass, and derivative actions. The firm also represents law firms in major disputes.
New York Attorneys JHA handles range the gamut of complex financial and commercial litigation and arbitration, including securities, RICO, corporate and contract disputes, credit default swaps, derivatives, and class, mass, and derivative actions. The firm also represents law firms in major disputes.

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