New York Attorneys JHA handles range the gamut of complex financial and commercial litigation and arbitration, including securities, RICO, corporate and contract disputes, credit default swaps, derivatives, and class, mass, and derivative actions. The firm also represents law firms in major disputes.

Commercial Litigation and Arbitration

New York Attorneys JHA handles range the gamut of complex financial and commercial litigation and arbitration, including securities, RICO, corporate and contract disputes, credit default swaps, derivatives, and class, mass, and derivative actions. The firm also represents law firms in major disputes.
Commercial Litigation and Arbitration

Complex Lit Blog

Judicial Notice of Internet Evidence — Governmentally-Chartered Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation As Posted on Its Website

Widad v. Brooklyn Public Library, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 154087 (E.D.N.Y. Nov. 13, 2015): On July 22, 2015, Laila Widad, proceeding pro se, commenced this action against the Brooklyn Public Library ("BPL") and Jane Doe, an unnamed BPL employee, for damages arising from a physical altercation involving Plaintiff and J ...
Widad v. Brooklyn Public Library, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 154087 (E.D.N.Y. Nov. 13, 2015): On July 22, 2015, Laila Widad, proceeding pro se, commenced this action against the Brooklyn Public Library ("BPL") and Jane Doe, an unnamed BPL employee, for…
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FRAP 38, § 1927, § 1912 Sanctions — Bad Faith Not Required under Rule 38, But Sanctions Generally Imposed Only If Improper Purpose — Not Sanctionable to Urge, in a Complex Field, a Novel Argument Lost in Some District Courts But Never on Appeal

Hogan v. Jacobson, 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 9373 (6th Cir. May 23, 2016): In 2011, Violet Hogan sued the Life Insurance Company of North America for violating the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq., by denying her claim for benefits under a disability-insurance policy. After losing that cas ...
Hogan v. Jacobson, 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 9373 (6th Cir. May 23, 2016): In 2011, Violet Hogan sued the Life Insurance Company of North America for violating the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq.,…
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Facebook Admissibility — Victim’s Facebook Post 2 Hours Before His Death in Gunfight That He Was Resuming Gang Life, Including Murder, Properly Excluded from Trial on Issue of Who Fired First — Rule 403 Analysis (Cal. Evid. Code352)

People v. Cornejo, 2016 Cal. App. LEXIS 424 (Cal. Ct. App. May 25, 2016): Deandre Ellison was shot to death as he drove into his driveway in the Del Paso Heights neighborhood of Sacramento. Four other men, including Latrele Neal, were also in Ellison's car. Before the car came to a stop in the driveway, an SUV driven by Je ...
People v. Cornejo, 2016 Cal. App. LEXIS 424 (Cal. Ct. App. May 25, 2016): Deandre Ellison was shot to death as he drove into his driveway in the Del Paso Heights neighborhood of Sacramento. Four other men, including Latrele Neal, …
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Sanctions — Rule 11 Does Not Apply on Appeal and FRAP 38 Does Not Apply to Appellees

Caldwell v. Pesce, 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 6739 (2d Cir. Apr. 14, 2016): Plaintiffs-appellants Ken and Lisa Caldwell, proceeding pro se, appeal the District Court's March 2, 2015, judgment sua sponte dismissing their complaint with prejudice pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2). In their complaint, plaintiffs-appella ...
Caldwell v. Pesce, 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 6739 (2d Cir. Apr. 14, 2016): Plaintiffs-appellants Ken and Lisa Caldwell, proceeding pro se, appeal the District Court's March 2, 2015, judgment sua sponte dismissing their complaint with prejudice pursuant to 28 U.S.C.…
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Handwriting Expert Testimony Inadmissible — Sanctions: Lawyer May Rely on Client without Assessing Credibility; Improper to Impose $ Sanctions on Destitute Party; Dismissal for Fraud on Court — Statute of Frauds vs. Unjust Enrichment

Almeciga v. Ctr. for Investigative Reporting,Inc., 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 60539 (S.D.N.Y. May 6, 2016): Before the Court is the motion of defendant Center for Investigative Reporting, Inc. ("CIR"), for judgment on the pleadings, as well as CIR's Rule 11 motion for sanctions against plaintiff Erica Almeciga and her counsel ...
Almeciga v. Ctr. for Investigative Reporting,Inc., 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 60539 (S.D.N.Y. May 6, 2016): Before the Court is the motion of defendant Center for Investigative Reporting, Inc. ("CIR"), for judgment on the pleadings, as well as CIR's Rule 11…
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Breach of Contractual Promise = Mail/Wire Fraud Only If No Intent to Perform at Signing — Later Willful Breach Not Enough — Deception Outside 4 Corners (E.g., to Hide Breach) May Be Enough — Silence Suffices If Duty to Speak

U.S. ex rel. O’Donnell v. Countrywide Home Loans, Inc., 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 9365 (2d Cir. May 23, 2016): When can a breach of contract also support a claim for fraud? This question--long an issue in common-law courts--comes before us in the context of a judgment in the United States District Court for the Southern ...
U.S. ex rel. O’Donnell v. Countrywide Home Loans, Inc., 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 9365 (2d Cir. May 23, 2016): When can a breach of contract also support a claim for fraud? This question–long an issue in common-law courts–comes before us…
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RICO — Association Standing: 3-Part Test — Medical Societies Lack Standing to Sue Even for Injunctive and Declaratory Relief for RICO Violations: The Relief Requested Requires Participation of Their Members

Franco v. Conn. Gen. Life Ins. Co., 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 7886 (3d Cir. May 2, 2016): I. These consolidated appeals have three sets of Appellants. First, there are those Appellants who are participants in employer-sponsored health care plans administered by the Connecticut General Life Insurance Company and affiliated entiti ...
Franco v. Conn. Gen. Life Ins. Co., 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 7886 (3d Cir. May 2, 2016): I. These consolidated appeals have three sets of Appellants. First, there are those Appellants who are participants in employer-sponsored health care plans administered…
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Abuse of Discretion — Limits of Discretion — Court May Not Do Whatever It Pleases — Party’s Wealth Irrelevant (Good Quotes)

Kern v. TXO Prod. Corp., 738 F.2d 968, 970 (8th Cir. 1984): [W]hen we say that a decision is discretionary, or that a district court has discretion to grant or deny a motion, we do not mean that the district court may do whatever pleases it. ... The fact that a party is a corporation, or is thought to be rich, or both, is and must be ...
Kern v. TXO Prod. Corp., 738 F.2d 968, 970 (8th Cir. 1984): [W]hen we say that a decision is discretionary, or that a district court has discretion to grant or deny a motion, we do not mean that the district…
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Twitter Admissibility — Third Party Tweet Admissible for Effect on Reader (to Explain Reader’s Subsequent Behavior), Not for Its Truth

R.L. v. Central York Sch. Dist., 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 58446 (M.D. Pa. May 3, 2016): PROCEDURAL HISTORY Our recitation of the procedural history of the instant matter is abbreviated, as it is recounted solely for the benefit of the parties, who are familiar with the matter. R.L., a minor, by and ...
R.L. v. Central York Sch. Dist., 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 58446 (M.D. Pa. May 3, 2016): PROCEDURAL HISTORY Our recitation of the procedural history of the instant matter is abbreviated, as it is recounted solely for the benefit of the…
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§ 1927 Sanctions — Where Court Orders § 1927 Sanctions on Motion and Movant Does Not Oppose Vacatur of Award of Movant’s Own Costs and Fees, Award Should Be Vacated (Reversing Refusal to Do So)

Coniglio v. Chesapeake Exploration LLC, 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 8871 (6th Cir. May 12, 2016): Attorneys from the law firm Tzangas, Plakas & Mannos, Ltd. ("TPM") appeal the district court's order imposing 28 U.S.C. § 1927 sanctions for vexatious multiplication of the proceedings. TPM represented Plaintiffs ...
Coniglio v. Chesapeake Exploration LLC, 2016 U.S. App. LEXIS 8871 (6th Cir. May 12, 2016): Attorneys from the law firm Tzangas, Plakas & Mannos, Ltd. ("TPM") appeal the district court's order imposing 28 U.S.C. § 1927 sanctions for vexatious multiplication …
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Recent Posts

Rule 41(b): Five Factors to Be Weighed in Deciding Whether Dismissal Is Appropriate (Second Circuit) — Is A Finding of Bad Faith or Fault Required if Dismissal Is Without Prejudice? — Undecided If Truly Without Prejudice But It Is Required If the Without Prejudice Dismissal Will Act as a Dismissal on the Merits (Here, Because of the Statute of Limitations) — Failure To Consider A Lesser Sanction Than Dismissal Is Generally An Abuse Of Discretion

Spoliation Sanctions/Mootness: Stipulation Resolving “All Pending Discovery Disputes,” Which Are Enumerated, Does Not Moot Subsequent Sanctions Motion for ESI Spoliation — Postjudgment Sanctions Order Is Appealable When District Court Has Finally Disposed of Both Liability and Amount

Rule 37 Default Judgment Sanction: (1) Default Judgment Appropriate Only As a Last Resort, When Less Drastic Sanctions Would Not Ensure Compliance with the Court’s Orders — (2) Default Judgment Sanction Requires Willful or Bad Faith Failure to Obey Discovery Order — (3) Fugitive Defendant’s Failure to Appear at Court-Ordered, Remote Deposition Despite Court Warning That Sanctions Could Follow Disobedience Warrants Default Judgment — (4) District Court Afforded Wide Discretion in Interpreting Its Own Orders — (5) Filing a Notice of Appeal from a Non-Appealable Order (Here, a Discovery Order) Does Not Deprive the District Court of Jurisdiction over the Case

RICO and Injunctions: (1) State Court Actions Designed to Perpetuate and Monetize a RICO Violation Are Enjoinable under RICO, Even Though They Are Not Themselves Alleged to Be Predicate Acts [Note: Noerr Pennington Applies in RICO Actions] — (2) Although Civil RICO’s Text and Legislative History Fail to Reveal Any Intent to Override the Provisions of the Federal Arbitration Act, Arbitrations Are Enjoinable Under the “Effective Vindication” Doctrine Where They Operate As a Prospective Waiver of a Party’s Right to Pursue Statutory RICO Remedies — (3) Arbitration Findings May Be Given Collateral Estoppel Effect in a Civil RICO Action — (4) Injunction of Non-Corrupt State Court Litigations That Furthers a RICO Violation Are Enjoinable Under the Anti-Injunction Act’s “Expressly Authorized” Exception — (5) “The Irreparable Harm Requirement Is The Single Most Important Prerequisite For The Issuance Of A Preliminary Injunction” (Good Quote) — (6) When Injunction Is Based on “Serious Questions on the Merits” Rather Than “Likelihood of Success,” Court May Rely on Unverified Pleadings and Attached Exhibits to Assess the Merits, Unless the Opponent Has Raised Substantial Questions (Here, the Opponent Failed to Request an Evidentiary Hearing) — (7) Whether Amended Pleading Moots An Appeal Turns on Whether It Materially Changes the Substantive Basis for the Appeal — (8) Meaning of “In That” (“Used To Introduce A Statement That Explains Or Gives More Specific Information” About A Prior Statement)

RICO: Fraudulent Concealment Must Prevent Discovery of the Injury to Toll Statute of Limitations

Rule 37 Default Judgment Sanction: (1) Abuse of Discretion Review = Legal Conclusions De Novo. Factual Findings for Clear Error — (2) Client May Be Sanctioned for Misconduct of Its Counsel, Though Here Client Was Directly Involved in Bad Faith Misbehavior — (3) Is There A Difference, Under Rule 11 As Opposed to Rule 37, Concerning Whether A Client Can Be Sanctioned for Its Counsel’s Misconduct? — (4) While Sanctions of Last Resort (Dismissal/Default) Are Apt Only If Lesser Sanctions Wouldn’t Ensure Compliance, Rule 37 Doesn’t Require the Vain Gesture of First Imposing Lessert Sanctions When It Is Clear They Would be Ineffective — (5) Court’s Reconsideration of Non-Final Orders Is Governed by Rule 54(b), And Court’s Discretion under That Rule Is Governed by the Law-of-the-Case-Doctrine

RICO: (1) Special Pleading Requirements? — (2) Although Enterprise Must Be More Than a Summation of the Predicate Acts, The Predicate Acts Can Demonstrate the Existence of the Enterprise — (3) Requirement That Association-in-Fact Exist For Purposes Other Than Just to Commit Predicate Acts Merely Requires Continuity — (4) To State an Association-in-Fact Enterprise Consisting of One Natural Person and Collection of Legal Fictions Requires Factual Detail As to How They Acted Together — (5) “A § 1962(c) Enterprise Must Be More Than An Association of Individuals Or Entities Conducting the Normal Affairs of a Defendant Corporation” (Good Quote)

RICO: (1) Fee Award May Exceed Amount Recovered — Strict Proportionality Not Required — (2) Nonmonetary Benefits and Injunctive Relief Recovered Also Relevant Factors — (3) Loss on Some Claims Need Not Result in Lowered Fees, Especially When Both Arise Out of The Same Nucleus of Operative Facts

RICO: Indirect Purchasers (Car Buyers/Renters) Lack Standing to Sue Manufacturers for RICO Violations Even Though Intermediaries (Auto Dealer Direct Purchasers) Lack Any Damages

RICO: Statutory Requirement that RICO Be Liberally Construed Does Not Establish a More Liberal Pleading Standard for RICO Claims — “To Be Sure, Adequately Pleading a RICO Claim Can Be Challenging” (Good Quote) — Court May Dismiss Action Pursuant to Rule 41(b) Absent A Motion

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New York Attorneys JHA handles range the gamut of complex financial and commercial litigation and arbitration, including securities, RICO, corporate and contract disputes, credit default swaps, derivatives, and class, mass, and derivative actions. The firm also represents law firms in major disputes.
New York Attorneys JHA handles range the gamut of complex financial and commercial litigation and arbitration, including securities, RICO, corporate and contract disputes, credit default swaps, derivatives, and class, mass, and derivative actions. The firm also represents law firms in major disputes.

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