Commercial Litigation and Arbitration

RICO — Failure to Allege Racketeering Activity as Enumerated in 18 U.S.C. § 1961(1) Is Fatal to RICO Claim — List of Predicate Acts in Statute Is Exhaustive

Ghosh v. Uniti Bank, 2014 U.S. App. LEXIS 6146 (9th Cir. Mar. 31, 2014):

We first address Ghosh's claims. A civil RICO plaintiff must allege a pattern of racketeering activity in order to state a claim under 18 U.S.C. § 1962. Sedima S.P.R.L. v. Imrex Co., Inc, 473 U.S. 479, 481-82 (1985). Ghosh and Investments, however, alleged only that Uniti engaged in fraudulent and predatory lending practices--acts that are not among the statutorily enumerated examples of racketeering activity provided by 18 U.S.C. § 1961(1)(B). See 18 U.S.C. § 1961(1)(B). Because the list of criminal acts in § 1961(1)(B) is exhaustive, the district court properly dismissed Ghosh's and Investments' complaint for failure to state a RICO claim upon which relief may be granted.

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RICO and Injunctions: (1) State Court Actions Designed to Perpetuate and Monetize a RICO Violation Are Enjoinable under RICO, Even Though They Are Not Themselves Alleged to Be Predicate Acts [Note: Noerr Pennington Applies in RICO Actions] — (2) Although Civil RICO’s Text and Legislative History Fail to Reveal Any Intent to Override the Provisions of the Federal Arbitration Act, Arbitrations Are Enjoinable Under the “Effective Vindication” Doctrine Where They Operate As a Prospective Waiver of a Party’s Right to Pursue Statutory RICO Remedies — (3) Arbitration Findings May Be Given Collateral Estoppel Effect in a Civil RICO Action — (4) Injunction of Non-Corrupt State Court Litigations That Furthers a RICO Violation Are Enjoinable Under the Anti-Injunction Act’s “Expressly Authorized” Exception — (5) “The Irreparable Harm Requirement Is The Single Most Important Prerequisite For The Issuance Of A Preliminary Injunction” (Good Quote) — (6) When Injunction Is Based on “Serious Questions on the Merits” Rather Than “Likelihood of Success,” Court May Rely on Unverified Pleadings and Attached Exhibits to Assess the Merits, Unless the Opponent Has Raised Substantial Questions (Here, the Opponent Failed to Request an Evidentiary Hearing) — (7) Whether Amended Pleading Moots An Appeal Turns on Whether It Materially Changes the Substantive Basis for the Appeal — (8) Meaning of “In That” (“Used To Introduce A Statement That Explains Or Gives More Specific Information” About A Prior Statement)

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